Yintoni iGenset?

Xa uqala ukujonga iinketho zamandla okugcina ishishini lakho, ikhaya, okanye indawo yokusebenza, uyakubona igama elithi "genset."Yintoni kanye kanye i-genset?Kwaye isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Ngamafutshane, igama elithi "genset" lifutshane "liseti yejenereyitha."Ihlala isetyenziswa ngokutshintshanayo kunye negama eliqhelekileyo, "ijenereyitha."Ngumthombo wamandla ophathwayo osebenzisa injini ukwenza umbane.

Isetyenziselwa ntoni i-genset?

Uluntu lwanamhlanje alukwazi ukuqhuba ngaphandle kombane.Ukusuka kwi-Wi-Fi kunye nonxibelelwano ukuya ekukhanyeni kunye nokulawulwa kwemozulu, amashishini kunye namakhaya afuna umbane oqhubekayo wokusebenza.

Iiseti zejenerethaunokongeza umaleko owongezelelweyo wokhuseleko xa kwenzeka i-brownouts okanye ukuphuma kwamandla.Iijenereyitha ezilindileyo zinokugcina iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zisebenza kumaziko ezonyango, kumashishini, nakumakhaya xa kunokwenzeka ukuba amandla asetyenziswayo akhutshwe.

IiGensets nazo zinokubonelela ngobonelelo lwamandla oluzimeleyo kwiindawo ezikude ngaphandle kwegridi yamandla.Ezi ziquka iindawo zokwakha, iinkampu, imimandla yasemaphandleni, kwanemigodi engaphantsi komhlaba.Bavumela abantu ukuba basebenzise amandla okwakha, ukuphonononga, okanye ukuphila ngaphandle kwendlela ebethathiweyo.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeejenereyitha zombane.Zonke zinezixhobo ezifanayo, zifuna uhlobo oluthile lwesibaso, kwaye zibekwe kwisakhelo esisisiseko.Kodwa kukho ukungafani okuphambili, kwakhona.

Isebenza njani i-genset?

Iijenereyitha zombane zisebenza ngendlela efanayo neemoto.Bane "prime mover" (injini) kunye ne-alternator.

I-injini iguqula amafutha afana nepetroli, i-diesel, i-biogas, okanye igesi yendalo (amandla ekhemikhali) ibe ngamandla omatshini.

Amandla omatshini ajikelezisa i-alternator rotor ukwenza amandla ombane.

Ii-alternators zineenxalenye ezimbini: i-rotor kunye ne-stator.Xa i-rotor ijikeleza, intsimi yamagnetic phakathi kwe-rotor kunye ne-stator yenza i-voltage (i-electromagnetic induction).

Xa i-voltage kwi-stator idibanisa nomthwalo, idala umbane ozinzileyo.

Amakhaya amaninzi kunye namashishini afumanisa ukusebenzisa i-gensets kubaluleke kakhulu kuba xa kuveliswa amandla, anokusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza.IGensets iphelisa ngempumelelo nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka ngenxa yokulahleka kwamandla.

AC vs. DC gensets: Yintoni umahluko?

Zonke iijenereyitha zisebenzisa i-electromagnetic induction, kodwa ukuseta okwahlukeneyo kunokuvelisa iindidi ezimbini zamandla ombane — alternating current (AC) okanye ngqo current (DC).

Uninzi olukhulu lwee-genset luhlobo lwe-AC, kodwa kufanelekile ukwazi umahluko.

Njengoko igama layo lisitsho, inguqu yangoku iyatshintsha indlela.Ijikela emva naphambili izihlandlo ezininzi ngomzuzwana.Umbane we-AC unokuhamba kwi-voltage ephezulu, okwenza kube luncedo kunikezelo lomgama omde kwigridi yombane.I-voltage ye-transformer "yehla ezantsi" yosetyenziso oluncinci.Iijenereyitha ze-AC zisetyenziselwa ukuqhuba iimotor ezincinci, izixhobo zasekhaya, iikhompyuter, kunye nezixhobo zeofisi.

Umsinga othe ngqo uhamba kwicala elinye kumbane ophantsi.Ihlala ihambelana ukusuka kwijenereyitha ukuya kwindawo yokugqibela.Iijenereyitha zeDC zinika amandla iimotor ezinkulu zombane (ezifana neenkqubo zendlela engaphantsi komhlaba), iibhanki zeebhetri kunye neeseli zelanga, kunye nezibane ze-LED.

Ngawaphi amacandelo e-genset?

Iiseti zejenereyitha zidla ngokuba nala macandelo:

Injini/motor.Icandelo eliphambili le-genset, lisebenza kumafutha.Ii-injini ezilungileyo zakhiwe zomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana nemfuno kunye nokusebenza kwiimeko ezimbi (oko kukuthi, imozulu embi).

iAlternator.Eli candelo liguqula amandla oomatshini abe ngumbane;ngaphandle kwayo, akukho mandla.

Iphaneli yokulawula.Oku kusebenza "njengengqondo" ye-genset, ukulawula nokulawula onke amanye amacandelo.

Inkqubo yamafutha.Eli candelo liquka iitanki zokugcina kunye nemibhobho ethumela amafutha kwi-injini.

Umlawuli wamandla ombane.Oku kulawula umthamo wombane oveliswa yi-genset kwaye uguqule i-A/C yangoku ukuya kwi-D/C yangoku.

Isakhelo esisisiseko/indlu.Isakhelo esisisiseko sixhasa i-generator kwaye sibambe amacandelo kunye.Ikwasebenza njenge-anti-vibration kunye ne-grounding system, kwaye inokuthi ifake okanye ingahlali itanki yamafutha.Inokubekwa phezu kwamavili ukuyenza iphatheke.

Isixhobo sokutsala intambo okanye ibhetri.Intlantsi yokuqala iyafuneka ukuqalisa inkqubo yokutsha yejenereyitha ephathekayo.Oku kuqhele ukwenzeka nokuba kungesixhobo sokutsalwa kwentambo (njengomatshini wokucheba ingca) okanye isiqalisi semoto esiqhutywa yibhetri yeDC.

Utshintshiselwano lwezandla okanye oluzenzekelayo.Umtshintshi wokudlulisa uqondisa amandla phakathi komthombo oyintloko (amandla asetyenziswayo) kunye nomncedisi (i-generator).Oku kugcina ukuhamba kombane kuhambelana kwaye kunqanda ukuphazamiseka okuyingozi.

Ibhokisi ye-Baffle okanye indawo ebiyelweyo.Esi sikhongozeli sisoloko senziwe ngentsimbi engenakutyiwa, sinciphisa ingxolo, sithintele ukubola, kwaye senza kube lula ukuhamba komoya ukupholisa injini.

Iijenereyitha azifuni kugcinwa ngokungqongqo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda iindlela zazo zangaphakathi.Ngale ndlela, unokwenza uthintelo kunye nolondolozo ngokubanzi njengoko kufuneka, kunye nokwazi ukuba ungaodola njani na amalungu okutshintsha.

Zeziphi iintlobo zegenses?

Iijenereyitha ziza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo kwaye zinokusebenzisa imithombo yamafutha eyahlukeneyo.Ezi zilandelayo zizixokelelwano zamafutha ejenereyitha ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zento nganye.

Iijenereyitha zepetroli

Iijenereyitha zepetroli zezona zikhethwa kakhulu kuba ipetroli ifumaneka lula.Iigenets ezisebenza ngerhasi nazo ziphantsi kwisikali samaxabiso, kwaye ziphathwa ngokugqithisileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ixesha lokusetyenziswa kwegesi yegesi linokuhlala lifutshane kwaye amafutha angasebenzi kakuhle.Ipetroli ihlala isebenza kwindawo yokugcina ixesha elingangonyaka.Kodwa ikwanokutsha kakhulu, nto leyo enokudala ingozi kwiindawo ezithile.

Iijenereyitha zedizili

Iinjini zedizili zinamandla ngakumbi kuneenjini zepetroli.I-diesel fuel nayo ayinakutsha, kwaye ukufumaneka kwayo kuxhaphake kakhulu.Ngokugcinwa okufanelekileyo, i-diesel gensets inokuhlala ixesha elide.

Izithintelo ezinkulu kukuba i-diesel fuel ilungile kuphela malunga neminyaka emibini, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kuyabiza.Iinjini zedizili nazo zidala ukukhutshwa kwamanzi amaninzi.

Iijenereyitha zeBiodiesel

I-biodiesel fuel ngumxube wedizili kunye neminye imithombo yebhayoloji, njengamafutha ezilwanyana okanye ioyile yemifuno.Kuba ivutha ngokukhutshwa kwepetroleum esezantsi, iyahambelana nokusingqongileyo, idala inkunkuma encinci kunye nendawo encinci yamafutha efosili.

I-drawback enkulu, nangona kunjalo, ngamanqanaba engxolo ahambelana neenjini ze-biodiesel.

Iinketho zokukhutshwa okuphantsi

Iijenereyitha nazo zinokuqhutywa ngeendlela ezikhutshwa kancinci, kubandakanywa irhasi yendalo, ipropane, okanye amandla elanga.

Irhasi yendalo ifumaneka ngokubanzi kwaye iyafikeleleka, kwaye inokuhamba kanye ukusuka koovimba be-shale, nto leyo ethetha ukuba akuzaliswa kwakhona.Nangona kunjalo, umonakalo omkhulu kukuba ijenereyitha yegesi yendalo ayiphatheki lula kwaye kuyabiza ukuyifaka.

Ipropane iyatshisa ngokucocekileyo kwaye inobomi obude beshelufu kodwa ikwanokutsha kakhulu.Iindleko zokufakela ziphezulu, yaye ezi jenereyitha zitshisa amafutha aphindwe kathathu kunalawo asebenzisa idizili.

Iijenereyitha zelanga zihlawuliswa lilanga, ngoko ke ifosili ayikho, kwaye ukusebenza kulula.I-drawback apha kukunikezelwa kwamandla amancinci.Kwakhona, ixesha lokuhlawula licotha;ukuba akukho ntlawulo yaneleyo egciniweyo, unikezelo lwamafutha olugwenxa lunokuphazamisa.

Iijenereyitha ezincinci ezigcina ikhaya zihlala zisebenzisa i-petroli, kodwa iijenereyitha ezinkulu zemizi mveliso zihlala zisebenza ngedizili okanye igesi yendalo.

Ubungakanani beGenset kunye nokusetyenziswa

Iijenereyitha zineziphumo ezahlukeneyo zamandla kunye nesantya senjini.Ziyakwazi ukuma zodwa okanye zidityaniswe nezakhiwo.Ezinye iijenereyitha eziphathwayo zinamavili okanye zixhonywe kwiitreyila ukuze zitsalwe ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye.

Xa ukhetha i-genset, uya kufuna ukuvavanya iimpawu ezifana nokuveliswa kwamandla, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha, ukuthembeka, kunye nolwakhiwo olomeleleyo.

Ukuqonda ukuphuma kwamandla ombane kuluncedo, kwakhona: Imveliso ilinganiswa ngeewatts okanye iikilowatts.Iijenereyitha ezinkulu zinokuvelisa umbane omninzi kodwa zisebenzise amafutha amaninzi;nangona kunjalo, iijenereyitha ezincinci zisenokungavelisi amandla owadingayo.

Ukuqonda okuqinileyo iimfuno zakho zamandla ngundoqo ekuncedeni ukuba ukhethe i-genset esemgangathweni.

Izibonelelo zegenses

Ukuba ikhaya lakho okanye ishishini lakho libonelelwa zizityalo zamandla ezigugayo okanye imigca, ngoko uqhelene nokuphazamiseka.Kuyafana nokuba uhlala okanye usebenza kwindawo ethandwa kakhulu yimozulu efana nezaqhwithi okanye izaqhwithi.

Ukuphulukana namandla kuthetha ukuba uvalwe ngokufanelekileyo.Kumashishini, nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka okanye ixesha lokuphumla kunokukhokelela kwilahleko enkulu yemali.

Ngenxa yoko, kukho iinzuzo ezininzi ezinxulumene nokusebenzisa i-genset.

Ingasetyenziswa njengomthombo wamandla osisiseko okanye ogciniweyo.

Isebenza njengowona mthombo wamandla kwiiprojekthi zokwakha okanye imisebenzi ekude.

Isebenza njengomthombo wamandla kaxakeka kwimeko yokucima kombane wegridi engalindelekanga.

Inika ukhuseleko kwi-brownouts, enokuthi iphazamise.

Ivelisa ukugcinwa kweendawo apho imfuno yegridi ephezulu iphezulu - kwaye, ngenxa yoko, indleko.

Iijenereyitha zamandla ezingxamisekileyo zibonelela ngamandla athembekileyo okuthintela ilahleko yemali kunye nokuphulwa kokhuseleko.Basenokude bathintele ukuphulukana nobomi ezibhedlele nakumakhaya abantu abalupheleyo.Amashishini amaninzi axhomekeke kwijenethi ukuthomalalisa iimpembelelo ezimbi zokumka kombane.Oku kubanceda baqhubeke besebenza, nangamaxesha anzima.

Ukuba ne-genset ekulungeleyo kwimeko yokuphazamiseka kwamandla kunokusindisa ubomi, ngamanye amaxesha ngokoqobo.Kwaye nakwiimeko ezingekho bomi-okanye-ukufa, i-genset inokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.