I-Abstract: Ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu beejenereyitha ze-diesel ezipholileyo emoyeni kufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa umoya wendalo ukupholisa ngokuthe ngqo iijenereyitha ze-diesel.Iijenereyitha zedizili ezipholileyo zipholiswa sisipholisi esijikeleze itanki yamanzi kunye necylinder, ngelixa iijenereyitha zedizili ezipholileyo zipholiswa nge-oyile ye-injini.Indlela yokupholisa esetyenziselwa uhlobo ngalunye lwejenereyitha yedizili ixhomekeke kwimiba yoyilo lwejenereyitha yedizili, kwaye kusekho umahluko ekusebenzeni phakathi kwezi ndlela zintathu zokupholisa.Inzuzo yeenjini ezipholileyo zomoya kukuba zinesakhiwo esilula kwaye azifuni izixhobo ezongezelelweyo ezincedisayo.Amaphiko okuchitha ubushushu kwibhloko yesilinda kunye nentloko ye-cylinder inokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezisisiseko zokulahla ubushushu be-injini.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iqhutywa ngokuqhubekayo, i-injini inokufumana ukubola kobushushu ngenxa yendlela enye kakhulu yokuphelisa ubushushu.Ii-injini ezipholileyo zamanzi, kwelinye icala, zinesiphumo sokupholisa esibaluleke ngakumbi ngenxa yokuqaliswa kolwelo olutsha lokuchitha ubushushu.Nokuba injini yedizili iqhuba ixesha elide, ubushushu be-injini abuyi kuba phezulu kakhulu, oko kuyenza ibe yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yokupholisa ukuphelisa ubushushu.
I-1, ijenereyitha yedizili epholileyo ngomoya
1. Izinto eziluncedo
Inkqubo yokupholisa i-zero fault (ukupholisa kwendalo) iijenereyitha zedizili ezipholiswa ngumoya zinexabiso eliphantsi kwaye zithatha indawo encinci.
2. Izinto ezingeloncedo
Ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu obucothayo kwaye bukhawulelwe ngendlela yeejeneretha zedizili, ezinjengeenjini ze-4-cylinder ezingaphakathi, ezingafane zisebenzise ukupholisa umoya, i-injini ye-2-cylinder ephakathi ayinakukwazi ukutshabalalisa ubushushu, ngoko ke ukupholisa komoya kufanelekile kuphela kwi-2-cylinder generator diesel.
I-cylinder epholileyo yomoya iya kuqulunqwa ngeesinki ezinkulu zokushisa kunye nemigudu yomoya.Ukuba ijenereyitha ye-diesel eyenziwe kakuhle yomoya ilayishiwe, akukho ngxaki kwaphela.Uninzi lwazo zii-injini ezipholileyo zomoya kwaye azinayo iisilinda ezitshixiweyo ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu.Inkqubo yokupholisa i-zero fault ye-diesel generator inexabiso eliphantsi, kwaye nje ukuba igcinwe ngokufanelekileyo, akuyi kubakho ngxaki yokushisa okuphezulu.Ngokuchasene noko, imeko yokushisa okuphezulu kwiinjini ezipholileyo ngamanzi zixhaphake kakhulu.Ngamafutshane, ukupholisa komoya kwanele ngokupheleleyo kwisilinda esinye esinesantya esisezantsi sokuvelisa amandla, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yakuzikhathaza ngemiba yomgama omde.
2、 Ijenereyitha yedizili epholileyo ngamanzi
1. Izinto eziluncedo
Inokulawula ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu bamandla aphezulu kunye neejenereyitha zedizili ezikhawulezayo.Xa ubushushu buphantsi, ivalve ye-throttle ye-injini epholileyo yamanzi iya kuvala de iqondo lokushisa le-oyile liyenyuka ukuze kuphunyezwe eyona mpembelelo ilungileyo yokuthambisa.Xa ubushushu buphezulu, ivalve ye-throttle iya kuvula ngokupheleleyo itanki yamanzi ukuze iqalise ukusebenza.Xa iqondo lobushushu liphezulu kakhulu, ifeni iya kuqalisa ukupholisa kobona bushushu bokusebenza bejenereyitha yedizili.Lo ngumgaqo osemgangathweni wokusebenza kwamanzi apholileyo.
2. Izinto ezingeloncedo
Iindleko eziphezulu, ulwakhiwo oluntsonkothileyo, kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokungaphumeleli ngenxa yendawo enkulu ehlala itanki yamanzi yangaphandle.
Iijenereyitha zedizili ezipholileyo ziyindlela yokupholisa enokutshabalalisa ubushushu.Umgaqo wokupholisa amanzi kukupholisa i-cylinder liner kunye nentloko ngokuyigubungela ngamanzi ahambayo.Izinto ezisisiseko zokupholisa amanzi yimpompo yamanzi, itanki yokulawula ubushushu, kunye nefeni.Ukupholisa amanzi sisixokelelwano esibalulekileyo sokupholisa kwiisilinda ezininzi, amandla aphezulu, kunye neejenereyitha zedizili ezinesantya esiphezulu (ezine-oyile yamanzi yokupholisa kabini).Iinjini ezincinci zesilinda esinye azifuni kupholiswa kwamanzi kwaye azikwazi ukuvelisa ubushushu obuninzi.
3, I-oyile epholileyo ye-diesel generator
1. Izinto eziluncedo
Isiphumo sokupholisa siyabonakala, kwaye izinga lokungaphumeleli liphantsi.Ukushisa kweoli ephantsi kunokunciphisa i-viscosity ephezulu yeoli.
2. Izinto ezingeloncedo
Kukho izithintelo kwisixa seoli esifunekayo kwiijenereyitha zedizili.I-radiator yeoli akufanele ibe nkulu kakhulu.Ukuba ioyile inkulu kakhulu, iya kumpompoza kwiradiyetha yeoli, ibangele ukuthambisa okunganelanga kumazantsi ejenereyitha yedizili.
Ukupholisa i-oyile kusebenzisa i-oyile ye-injini yayo ukuphelisa ubushushu ngeradiyetha yeoli (iradiyetha yeoli kunye netanki yamanzi ngokusisiseko ngumgaqo ofanayo, enye kuphela iqulethe i-oyile kwaye enye inamanzi).Ngenxa yokuba amandla ajikelezayo okupholisa ioli avela kwimpompo yeoli yejenereyitha ye-diesel, ukupholisa ioli kufuna kuphela i-oil fan heater (itanki yeoli).Ukupholisa kwe-oyile kwisiphelo esiphezulu kuxhotyiswe nge-fan kunye nevalve ye-throttle.Inkqubo yokupholisa i-oyile ngokubanzi ixhotyiswe ngoomatshini be-arcade abaphakathi, ukulandela uzinzo kunye nefuthe lokufudumala kwefeni.Oomatshini abapholileyo be-cylinder enye bafaneleke ngakumbi ukutshintshela ekupholiseni kwe-oyile, kwaye ukutshintsha ukusuka kumatshini omnye opholileyo womoya ukuya kwi-oyile yokupholisa kufuna kuphela ukongeza i-oyile yokutshintsha ubushushu phakathi kwendlela yeoli.
4. Ukuthelekiswa kwezinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo
1. Umahluko phakathi kokupholisa ioli kunye nokupholisa amanzi
Okokuqala, isitya sobushushu seradiyetha yeoli epholileyo singqindilili kakhulu, ngelixa isiti sobushushu seradiyetha epholileyo samanzi sibhityile kakhulu.Iiradiyetha ezipholileyo ngeoyile zidla ngokuba zincinci kakhulu ngobukhulu, ngelixa iiradiyetha ezipholiswe ngamanzi zinemilo emikhulu yomzimba.Ukuba umatshini wakho uneentlobo zombini zeeradiyetha, ngoko ke inkulu i-radiator epholileyo ngamanzi.Olunye ulwahlulo olubalulekileyo kukuba uninzi lweeradiyetha ezipholiswe ngamanzi zineefeni ze-elektroniki emva kwazo, ngelixa iiradiyetha ezipholiswe ngeoyile aziqhelekanga ukusetyenziswa (nangona ezinye iinjini zedizili ezinemivimbo emibini zingasebenzisi abalandeli kwiradiyetha).
2. Izinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo
(1) Isipholile se-oyile:
I-oyile epholileyo ifakwe i-radiator efana ne-radiator yokupholisa amanzi, ejikeleza ioli ngaphakathi kwejenereyitha ye-diesel ukunciphisa ubushushu.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-cooler yamanzi, isakhiwo sayo silula kakhulu.Ngenxa yokupholisa ngokuthe ngqo kweoli ethambisa amacandelo ejenereyitha ye-diesel, umphumo wokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu ungcono, ongcono kunomfanekiso opholileyo womoya, kodwa ungekho kakuhle njengento epholileyo yamanzi.
(2) Isibandisi samanzi:
Ubume bomatshini opholileyo wamanzi buyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye umzimba we-cylinder, intloko ye-cylinder, kunye nebhokisi ye-diesel generator kufuneka ihlaziywe (xa kuthelekiswa noomatshini abalinganayo be-air-cooled), ifuna iimpompo zamanzi ezikhethekileyo, iitanki zamanzi, iifeni, amanzi. imibhobho, utshintsho lobushushu, njl. Iindleko nazo ziphezulu, kwaye umthamo ubuye mkhulu.Nangona kunjalo, inesiphumo esihle sokupholisa kunye nokupholisa okufanayo.Inzuzo ye-injini epholileyo yamanzi kukuba ikhupha ukushisa ngokukhawuleza, inokuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu ixesha elide, kwaye ayifuni ukutshabalalisa ukushisa.Nangona kunjalo, okungeloncedo kukuba i-injini epholiswe ngamanzi inolwakhiwo oluntsonkothileyo, kwaye ukuba umbhobho uyaguga ngokuhamba kwexesha, ithanda ukuvuza okupholisayo.Ukuba isixhobo sokupholisa siyavuza emaphandleni, siya kubangela ukuba isithuthi siphuke, oko kubangele ingozi ethile efihlakeleyo.Nangona kunjalo, xa zizonke, iingenelo zigqwesa izinto ezingeloncedo.
(3) Isibandisi somoya:
Ubume beenjini zedizili ezipholileyo emoyeni bubonakaliswa ikakhulu kwiqondo lokuvezwa kwenjini.I-injini ayisongelwe kuyo nayiphi na ipakethe, kwaye nje ukuba iqalisiwe, kuya kubakho ukujikeleza komoya.Umoya obandayo uqukuqela kumaphiko okuchitha ubushushu kwizincedisi ze-injini, ukufudumeza umoya kunye nokususa ubushushu obunye.Lo mjikelo unokugcina ubushushu be-injini kuluhlu olufanelekileyo.
Isishwankathelo:
Iinjini ezipholileyo zamanzi kunye neenjini ezipholileyo zomoya ziyinkcazo yeendlela zokupholisa iinjini, njengoko ezi ntlobo zimbini zeemodeli zisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, okubangela ukungafani kwimigaqo yabo yokusebenza.Nangona kunjalo, zombini ezi ntlobo zeenjini zisebenzisa umoya wendalo ukutshabalalisa ubushushu, ngaphandle kokuba ii-injini ezipholiswe ngamanzi zinobunkunkqele obuphezulu bokulahla ubushushu.Ngokubanzi, ii-injini ezipholiswe ngamanzi zinokubususa ngokukhawuleza ubushushu obuveliswa ngumsebenzi we-injini ngexesha lenkqubo yonke yokusebenza ngokusebenzisa ulwelo olongezelelweyo ukutshabalalisa ubushushu.Nangona kunjalo, ii-injini ezipholileyo zomoya zinamandla aphantsi ngenxa yokungabikho kweenkqubo zokupholisa ezongezelelweyo, kodwa isakhiwo sazo silula.Ngethuba nje ukucoceka kwentloko ye-cylinder kunye ne-cylinder block kugcinwa, inkqubo yabo yokupholisa ayiyi kuba naziphi na iimpazamo.Nangona kunjalo, ii-injini zokupholisa ngamanzi zifuna iimpompo zamanzi ezongezelelweyo, ii-radiators, i-coolant, njl., ngoko ke zombini iindleko zokuqala zokuvelisa kunye neendleko zokugcinwa nokulungiswa kamva ziphezulu kuneenjini ezipholiswe ngumoya.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-01-2024